Liquid-fuel burner



July 17, 1 923- G. A. BRYAN LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed June is. 1921- Patented .luly I7, 1923.

' vmuren gstraTES., PATENT orricnf,-

maaier GEORGE ALFRED BRYAN, or rRRU, INDIANA, AssrGNoR- To BRYAN HARVESTER coivr- PANY, A` CORPORATION OF NEW MEXICO.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

. Application ledJune 18, 19721,. fSeralNo. 478,682.

To all who-m. t may concern.'

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. BRrAm-a citizen of the United States, residing `at Peru, in the county of Miami andState of Indiana,'have invented certain new and use- `ful Improvements in Liquid-Fuel Burners,v

.20 my invention aims to obtain a thorough mixture of the fuell and air ork otheroxidizing fluid in such proportionsasr to obtain' complete combustion. Other objects are economy in operation and simplicity in construction.y

Still other objects and advantages" of my linvention .will appear froml the following description. In accordance with my invention I deliver the oil under pressure in finely divided form into a chamber in which a regulated amount of air is being introduced underp'ressur'e, and vin order to cause a thorough intermingling of the air and spray: of fuel, I shield the spray from the direct blast of airk by enclosing yit within .a member, preferably conical in shape, which has its sides partially cut away. The air is set into a whirl by be` ing deflected by the curved sides of the mix,` ing chamber, and the intimate mixture thereby resulting is ignited and passes into the combustion chamber with which the mixing chamber communicates. y Toatomize the fuel satisfactorily, I employ'fan atomizer so constructed thatijust before the fuel passes out of the nozzle opening, it isdelivered at highy speed and. in'an oblique Vdirectioninto -a chamber just behind the nozzle opening.A y given a rotative motion lwith the result that it lspreadsin all directions in the form of a. fine spray as it emerges from the nozzle opening. The oblique direction is obtainedby More particularly my invention The kfuel is thereby y I shall now describe the illustrated eine y bodimentof my invention and shallthereafter point out myinventioninclaims. big.; 1 isa longitudinal section of a complete furnace with myimproved'burner associated therewith. Fig. 2 is a detail of the atomizer. a

Figs. Sand 4 are enlarged `details ofthe parts-constituting the nozzley construction of v the atomizer.

The'furnace shown in `cross-section in Figure vl is generally of the construction ydisclosedin my co-pending application Serial kNumberlr75,989, filedJune 8, 1921. Itis v of the vertical rdownedraft ytype and cominsectional elevation v l prises a mixing chamber lat the top and 'a combustion chamber 2 having an opening?) at its bottom th-rough whichthe. gases ofk combustion pass to the boiler l, the general `outline of whichis indicated by dotted lines. Themixingchamber and top of the combustion chamber are preferably substantially round in cross section, the latter being dis-y conform to the sizey of the boiler housing. The combustion` chamber has an outer sheet metal casing lined with suitable heat insulat `tortedor fiared klaterally at the bottom to *i d ing and refractory material, such as asbestos 1 4and fire brick.

The casing 5 of; the mixingchamber is preferably approximately dome shaped and is composed of sheet metal with its bottom edge'secured suitably `to thetop of the `walls of the combustion chamber. T he `casingi has in yits rear 'side an opening 6 to whichis `connected a fan orfblower 7 for ,directing air into theinixingchamber.l An

atomizer 8 for thefuel oilenters an opening in the top of the casing 5, being supported by` a suitable lug 9.' Secured 4to thetop i of the casing 5 and surrounding the atomizer f 8 inaxial'alinement therewith is a frustoconical shield memberl() which extends in front ofthe opening 6 substantiallyl to the bottom of the' mixing'chamber. This shield member is partially cut away at the bottom on its two sides out of line With the opening 6, with the result that the spray offuel from the nozzle of the atomizer 8 is shielded from the direct blast of air, While at the same time the current of air, striking against the curved Wall of the dome 5, is set into a Whirl, and with this movement comes into Contact with the spray through the lateral openings in the shield; thereby producing a very thorough mixing. The Acombustible mixture is initially ignited by any suitable means, a spar; plug 11 being indicated for this purpose in the illustratedconstruction. r[he mixture is completely burned 1in 'its passage athrough the combustion chamber, the .gases off-combustion then passing through fthe .opening 3 into Contact with the boiler surfaces.

Any suitable system may be employed for controlling the rate .of which fuel and vair are .delivered to the mi-Xing chamber. 1f, for example, .pump lbe employed to supply the oil under pressure to the atomizer, the pump may be directly connected to the fblolwer 7, .the connections being so arranged that the supply of air and oil 'is constant and so proportioned as vto .give the best vrate of combustion With atomizing burners.

The construction of the atomizer 8 is lshown in detail in Figure 2. 1t 'has a hollow hexagonal body 12 screw threaded at its Alower end, and having the nozzle elements .held against its lower end by a nut 13, which is shown as round at its upper por- :tion Where iit lits into the opening in the top of :the Idome '5, and hexagonal at Rits llower iendto accommodate a Wrench. A screw :threaded lhole is tapped into the body membei" 12 near vits top to receive a sore-n7 la, which serves to Lattach the nozzle ito lthe lug 9 by engagement, in Ja vertical slot in Jche lug. The body member 12 iis also provided with \a screw threaded lateral bore communicating with the upper end `of its hollon7 interior for receiving a nipple 15 `for attachment to the fuel '.line.

The :nozzle Ielements consist of `an .inner cup shaped disc 16 and an outer nozzle .disc '17. The inner ldisc r6 tits against :the end of sthe body member and is provided With two .ofppositely disposed obliquely vextend-ing small bores or openings 16 extending in vopposite directions .or spiralfly with .respect to leach other. As .shown they .extend `clock Wise and are `disposed -at `the .outer edge of ithe inner periphery of the cup. The central porti-'ion Aof fthe outer -face `of the disc 16 vis also shown vas slightly recessed, the recess (bein-g of suiiicient diameter to include the outlet ends o-f the openings 16. l

'The nozzle .disc 17 is provided with ya iminute central :nozzle opening and is held lby the nut 1'3 .against the outer-.face of the disc 16. `The inner face :of the disc 17 is zalSo concerted, fthereby fdrming a chamber 18 of a size to include the openings 16. The outer end of the nut 13 is provided With a flared opening as shown.

The .oil under pressure venters .the interior of the atomizer through the nipple 15 and passes obliquely through the restricted openings 16 into the chamber 18. It is thereby given a .rotative impetus at high speed and emerged from the nozzle opening in the disc 1 7 vin the form of a tine spray.

1t is obvious that various modifications .may be made .in ithe construction shown in the drawings and above particularly described Within the `principle and scope of my invention.

1 claimc 1. A fuel oil burner comp-rising a mixing chamber having an opening in one .side -for the admission of .oxidizing fluid, .an atomizer for the fuefl oil entering an fend Aof the mixing chamber, means for'direotin-g oxidizing llluid .under pressure intothe .opening in the side of the mixing chamber, .and ya shield member surrounding the atomizer .and sextending in front .off the opening in the .side of the chamber, a portion of the .tvvo opposite sides of the shield member in the line transverse 'that .of .the opening in the side of the chamber and .extending substantially above the plane yof the. bottom of fthe opening 'being vcut away. i

2. A. fuel oil .burner comprising a mixing chamber having an .opening 1in one side vfor the admission of oxidizing fluid, an atomizer for 'the fuel oil .entering an end lof the mix- -iiii-g chamber, .means for directing oxidizing fluid under pressure into the .opening in the side ofthe Amining chamber, and a frusto- `conical .shield .member surrounding fthe atomizer with its small end and :extending in front `of the opening iin the .side of 4.the sehamben a. `fportion of :the .two opposite sides ,of the shield member in the line :transverse that .of the opening in theiside of the .chamber and extending substantially above lthe .plane .of :the bottom of :theopening being kont away.

3. A fuel oil 'burner comprising a substantially .dome shaped mixing chamber having an opening in voneside lfor the admission of oxidizing fluid` an atomizer for fuel oil entering .the .closed end `of `the chamber,

Yand a shield member surrounding the atom- -izer nozzle in axial lalignmenttherewith and extending in front .of the opening for oxidizing `fluichfthe shield member ibeing .cut away on its two sides in the line transverse -to that of the opening yin `.the side :off 'fthe .chamber'from its bottom upward to apoinit substantially above the .plane .of Athe 4bottom of .said opening.

L1. An -atomizer .for fuel oil and the like .comprising vra 'hollow body member having Aat one end .an inlet for the lfueloi'l. a transverse partition forming .a .closure ifm ithe other end and having therethrough two ecing, the inner face of the nozzletdisc beng centric restricted openings substantially at concavedto form a chamber of substantially 10 the juncture of the disc with the internal the diameter of the hollow interior of the Wall of the body member extending in the body member With which lthe openings 5 same circumferential direction at an angle through the partitions communicate.

to the axis of the body, and a nozzle disc In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe in front of the partition and provided With my signature. a substantially concentric restricted open- GEORGE ALFRED BRYAN. 

